The alternative to normal word order is the inversion construction. In sentences with inversion, the verb (o) comes before the subject (x).
Inversion is used in questions, and in sentences which begin with an element other than the subject, for example a phrase to indicate time or place relations (see 8.4, 8.5 and 8.7).
Question:
Sover
manden?
Is
the man
sleeping?
o
x
o
x
o
Spiser
han?
Is
he
eating?
o
x
o
x
o
Time with normal word order:
Jeg
besøgte
min tante
i
går.
I
visited
my aunt
yesterday.
x
o
∆
x
o
∆
Time with inversion:
I
går
besøgte
jeg
min tante.
Yesterday
I
visited
my aunt.
o
x
∆
x
o
∆
Place with normal word order:
Jens
bor
i
Sverige.
Jens
lives
in
Sweden.
x
o
x
o
Place with inversion:
I
Sverige
bor
Jens.
Jens
lives
in
Sweden.
o
x
x
o
When we use interrogative pronouns, they are always placed at the beginning of the sentence, and the verb (o) is placed at the end.
In sentences where inversion is used and where there are two verbs in the sentence, the subject must be placed between the two verbs.
På
torsdag
skal
jeg
rejse
til
København.
o1
x
o2
On
Thursday
I
am
travelling
to
Copenhagen.
x
o1
o2
Comparison:
In questions a form of the verb to do and inversion is used. This is one important example of the use of inversion in English, another is inversion appearing after expressions such as: hardly, scarcely, not only, no sooner, not until and little.
Not until later did I realize what had happened.
8 Ordstilling
8.2 Omvendt ordstilling
Udover ligefrem ordstilling, findes omvendt ordstilling. I sætninger med omvendt ordstilling kommer udsagnsleddet (o) før grundleddet (x).
Der er omvendt ordstilling i spørgsmål, og hvis sætningen begynder med et andet led end grundleddet for eksempel en tid eller stedsangivelse (se 8.4, 8.5 og 8.7).
Spørgsmål:
Sover
manden?
o
x
Spiser
han?
o
x
Tid ved ligefrem ordstilling:
Jeg
besøgte
min tante
i
går.
x
o
∆
– ved omvendt ordstilling:
I
går
besøgte
jeg
min tante.
o
x
∆
Sted ved ligefrem ordstilling:
Jens
bor
i
Sverige.
x
o
– ved omvendt ordstilling:
I
Sverige
bor
Jens.
o
x
Når man bruger spørgeord, kommer spørgeordet altid i begyndelsen af sætningen, og udsagnsleddet (o) kommer bagefter.